Colposcopy

What is a colposcopy?

A colposcopy is a simple in-office exam that uses a special lighted magnifying device to perform a close-up examination of the vagina, vulva and cervix. Colposcopy is used to check for abnormalities and signs of diseases, including cancer, especially following a Pap test that yields abnormal results.

When is colposcopy performed?

Colposcopy is most often performed following an abnormal Pap test, but it may also be performed as part of a routine exam, especially if you have risk factors for certain diseases, including cancer. It may also be performed when a routine exam reveals a sore or other unusual area, to check for the presence of the human papillomavirus (HPV), or to evaluate the effectiveness of an ongoing treatment.

Does an abnormal Pap result mean I have cancer?

No, most abnormal results are due to other causes, including the presence of HPV, a yeast infection or even hormonal fluctuations. Colposcopy can be used to rule out these other potential causes as well as determine if cancerous cells are present.

What happens during a colposcopy exam?

Colposcopy begins in the same way as a routine pelvic exam, using a speculum to gently widen the vaginal canal. A special solution will be applied to the surface of the tissues to help suspicious areas show up more clearly. Then, the colposcope will be positioned at the opening of the vaginal canal so the light can shine directly on suspicious areas of tissue that need to be evaluated. When an abnormal area is identified, a tiny tissue sample, or biopsy, may be taken and sent to a lab for evaluation. Biopsies can determine what's causing the abnormality to help ensure the most appropriate treatment is provided.

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